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    The Solenoid valve is an industrial equipment that uses the electromagnetic principle to control the flow of fluid. It belongs to the actuator, which is used to control the direction of hydraulic flow, and is not limited to hydraulic and pneumatic. Solenoid valves are widely used in industrial control systems, mainly used to adjust the direction of the medium, flow, speed and other parameters. The following is a detailed introduction to the solenoid valve:
    ​First, the working principle
    The working principle of the solenoid valve is based on the action of the electromagnet. Inside the solenoid valve, there is a closed chamber, the middle of the chamber is the valve body (piston or diaphragm), and each side of the chamber has an electromagnet. When the electromagnet coil is energized, an electromagnetic force is generated to attract the valve body in the direction of the energized electromagnet, thus opening or closing different oil discharge holes. Because the oil inlet hole is normally open, the movement of the valve body will change the flow of the hydraulic oil, and then push the piston of the cylinder through the pressure of the oil, and the piston then drives the piston rod, and finally controls the movement of the mechanical device. By controlling the current of the electromagnet, the precise control of the mechanical movement can be achieved.
    ​Ii. Main categories
    Solenoid valves can be classified from multiple perspectives, and the following are some common classification methods:
    ​Classification by principle:
    Direct-acting solenoid valve: when energized, the electromagnetic force will lift the closing part from the seat, and the valve will open; When the power is off, the electromagnetic force disappears, the spring presses the closing part on the seat, and the valve is closed. Suitable for vacuum, negative pressure, zero pressure environment, but the diameter is generally not more than 25mm.
    Step direct acting solenoid valve: combined with the principle of direct acting and pilot type, suitable for zero pressure difference or vacuum, high pressure environment, but the power is large, requiring horizontal installation.
    Pilot solenoid valve: when energized, the electromagnetic force opens the pilot hole, and the fluid pressure is used to push the closing part to move and open the valve; When the power is off, the spring force closes the pilot hole, and the fluid pressure pushes the closing part downward to close the valve. Suitable for applications with high upper limit of fluid pressure range.
    According to valve structure and material classification: including direct acting diaphragm structure, step direct acting diaphragm structure, pilot diaphragm structure, direct acting piston structure, step direct acting piston structure, pilot piston structure, etc.
    Classified by function: such as water solenoid valve, steam solenoid valve, refrigeration solenoid valve, low temperature solenoid valve, gas solenoid valve, fire solenoid valve, etc., suitable for different fields and media control needs.
    3. Application fields
    The application field of solenoid valve is very wide, including but not limited to the following aspects:
    ​Automatic control system: such as water treatment system, refrigeration and air conditioning system, compressed air system, etc., solenoid valve can realize automatic control of fluid switching and flow according to needs.
    Industrial manufacturing: In the field of machine tools, metallurgical equipment, pharmaceutical equipment and other industrial manufacturing, solenoid valves are used to achieve the control and regulation of industrial fluids.
    Household appliances: In washing machines, dishwashers, drinking machines and other household appliances, solenoid valves are used to automatically control the switch and flow of water.
    Automotive industry: In the engine control system, brake system, transmission and other automotive components, solenoid valves are used to achieve a variety of liquid and gas flow control and regulation.
    Medical equipment: such as ventilators, infusion pumps and other medical equipment, solenoid valves are used to achieve accurate control and regulation of fluids, which has important medical application value.
    Fourth, purchase skills
    When purchasing a solenoid valve, the following factors need to be considered:
    ​Pipe parameters: Determine the diameter (DN) size and interface mode according to the field pipe inner diameter size or flow requirements.
    Fluid parameters: including the corrosiveness of the medium, temperature, state (gaseous, liquid or mixed state), viscosity, etc. These factors will affect the selection of the material and sealing material of the solenoid valve.
    Pressure parameters: including nominal pressure and working pressure, these parameters will determine the principle and structural variety of the solenoid valve.
    Electrical parameters: Voltage specifications should be preferred AC220V or DC24V to facilitate use and maintenance.
    Continuous working time: Select normally open, normally closed or sustainably energized type according to the length of time that the solenoid valve needs to continue working.
    Environmental requirements: Select solenoid valves with explosion-proof, check, manual, waterproof fog, water shower, diving and other auxiliary functions according to the use environment.