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    1.  Damage to the motor itself

    –  Insulation material damage  :

    – Overheating of the motor will accelerate the aging of the motor winding insulation material. At high temperatures, the physical and chemical properties of insulating materials will change, such as becoming brittle and hard. For example, the common motor insulation material polyester film in a long-term high temperature environment, will gradually lose elasticity, crack phenomenon. Once the insulation layer cracks, the motor winding is prone to short circuit failure, resulting in motor damage.

    – When the temperature is too high, the insulation resistance of the insulation material will decrease. According to the relationship between insulation resistance and temperature, the insulation resistance will be reduced by about half for every 10 ° C increase in temperature. Low insulation resistance will increase the risk of motor leakage, which not only affects the normal operation of the motor, but also may cause safety accidents such as electric shock.

    –  Winding damage  :

    – Continuous high temperature will cause the copper wire of the motor winding to expand. Since the motor winding is tightly wound by multiple layers of wires, the wires may extrude each other after expansion, resulting in damage to the insulating coating of the wires. In this way, a short circuit can occur between adjacent wires, creating a circulation that further exacerbates the heat and may eventually burn the winding.

    – In addition, overheating of the motor will also loosen the solder joints of the winding. Because the coefficient of thermal expansion of different materials (such as copper wires and welding materials) is different, stress concentration is easy to occur at the solder joints during temperature changes. Under the action of high temperature for a long time, the solder joint may crack, causing the motor circuit to break, so that the motor can not work normally.

    –  Bearing damage  :

    – Motor overheating will affect bearing grease performance. Grease will become thin at high temperatures, and may even dry out and drain. For example, high temperature will cause the base oil in the grease to volatilize, causing the grease to lose lubrication. In this way, the friction of the bearing increases during operation, and the wear is intensified.

    – At the same time, due to the expansion of the bearing inner ring, outer ring and ball at high temperature, the fit clearance between them may be changed. If the clearance is too small, it will lead to the bearing not running smoothly, generating additional friction heat; If the clearance is too large, the bearing will produce vibration and noise during operation, further affecting the normal operation of the motor and shortening the service life of the bearing.

    1.  Influence on diaphragm pump performance

    –  Pressure and flow drop  :

    – Overheating of the motor will reduce the output power of the motor. According to the power formula \(P = UI\) of the motor (where \(P\) is the power, \(U\) is the voltage, \(I\) is the current), in the case of constant voltage, due to the increase in temperature resulting in an increase in the internal resistance of the motor, the current is reduced, so that the power is reduced. The decrease in motor power will cause the speed of the diaphragm pump to decrease, which in turn will reduce the pressure and flow of the pump. For example, in some chemical production processes that require precise control of liquid transport pressure and flow, motor overheating can cause the micro diaphragm pump to fail to meet process requirements, affecting product quality.

    –  Diaphragm and other parts damaged  :

    The motor speed is unstable or decreased due to the motor overheating, which will change the frequency and amplitude of the reciprocating motion of the diaphragm. This may cause the diaphragm to bear uneven forces, which is easy to cause the rupture or fatigue damage of the diaphragm.

    At the same time, the transmission parts connected to the motor, such as connecting rods, eccentric wheels, etc., will also be subject to abnormal forces due to changes in the speed of the motor. These parts in the abnormal working state, wear will be intensified, for example, the connecting rod at both ends of the connection may be loose because of frequent abnormal forces, affecting the normal work of the diaphragm pump.